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出典: くみこみックス
Chautauqua (Sh?-TAW-kw?) was an adult training movements in the usa, exceptionally favorite during the late 19th and early twentieth ages. Chautauqua assemblies expanded and distribute throughout rural America before the mid-1920s. The Chautauqua introduced enjoyment and culture to the complete neighborhood, with speakers, instructors, musicians, entertainers, preachers and experts of your day.[1] Previous U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt was quoted as saying that Chautauqua is "the most American detail in the us."[2] H.L. Mencken made use of the phrase "chautauqua" (reduce scenario) to refer even more primarily to a herd of clumsy writers: "When they essay being jocose, the final result is often easily an elephantine whimsicality, by the chautauqua away from the Atlantic Month to month."
The Mom Chautauqua
The 1st Chautauqua, the brand new York Chautauqua Assembly, was organized in 1874 by Methodist minister John Heyl Vincent and businessman Lewis Miller at a campsite in the shores of Chautauqua Lake in New york Condition. Two many years earlier, Vincent, editor within the Sunday University Journal, experienced started to coach Sunday university teachers in an outside summer months school format. The gatherings grew in global recognition. The corporation founded by Vincent and Miller later on grew to become known as the Chautauqua Institution. It absolutely was identified as the Mother Chautauqua, for the reason that a large number of independent, or "daughter" Chautauquas were being developed beneath the exact same trend.[3]
Unbiased Chautauquas (or "daughter Chautauquas") operated at permanent amenities, in most cases fashioned right after the Chautauqua Institute in Ny. Like a Chautauqua was mostly constructed in a lovely semi-rural area a short distance outside an established town with beneficial rail program. With the top with the Chautauqua motion with the 1920s, a number of hundred of these existed, but their amounts have since dwindled.
At the least several Unbiased Chautauquas have operated repeatedly through the nineteen twenties into your 21st century; if Chautauqua is construed to incorporate camp conferences and Sunday School Assemblies, the amount is better. See 21st century Chautauquas. An addition on the record certainly is the Pennsylvania Chautauqua in Mt. Gretna PA, running constantly seeing that 1892. Circuit Chautauquas
"Circuit Chautauquas" (or colloquially, Tent Chautauquas) ended up an itinerant manifestation of your Chautauqua motion. The software can be presented in tents pitched "on a well-drained discipline close to town." Immediately after various days, the Chautauqua would fold its tents and go forward. The method of arranging a number of touring Chautauquas is attributed to Keith Vawter, a Redpath Lyceum Bureau manager.[4] Between early Redpath comedians was Boob Brasfield.
The recognition with the Chautauqua motion are usually attributed in part to your social and geographic isolation of American farming and ranching communities. Most people in these kinds of regions would the natural way be hungry for training, tradition and amusement, and the Chautauqua Movements was a timely response to that need to have while in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Yet, by the change with the century, other enjoyment and academic options, these kinds of as radio and movies, began to get there in American cities to compete with Chautauqua lectures. Considering the arrival of television and the car, individuals could now see or journey to cultural gatherings formerly for sale only in city parts, along with the Chautauqua Movement lost worldwide recognition. Within the 1960s, activists held teach-ins as part of their protests, which might be seen as being a successor to the Chautauqua.
More on the chautauqua and how it can be used to stimulate tourism, development and marketing strategy. marketing strategy
