How To Use A Token Economic climate To Shape Your Child's Behavior.
出典: くみこみックス
A token economic climate is a behavioral modification approach that was very first used in mental institutions to reinforce and establish desirable behaviors in their patients. These days you can find token economies getting employed in schools, therapy programs, and some families have found its usefulness in shaping their children's behavior. The token economic climate is a program in which targeted behaviors are reinforced with tokens (secondary reinforcers) and are later exchanged for rewards (major reinforcers). Tokens can be in the form of fake funds, buttons, poker chips, stickers, and so on. Even though rewards can range anyplace from snacks to privileges/actions.
To establish a token economy in your residence first you should identify the behaviors you want your young children to modify (desirable behaviors). These behaviors could consist of completing homework, brushing teeth, coming house on time, completing chores, not arguing, going to bed without having a hassle, and so on. You will want to limit your focus to a maximum of three or four behaviors at a time in order to preserve factors manageable.
Next, choose what you will use for tokens. You may possibly want to assign various tokens for each of your young children to decrease the threat of taking each other's tokens. You will also want to use one thing that can't be counterfeited.
Primary reinforcers need to have to be identified and can consist of such things as snacks, activities, or privileges like watching tv, playing at a pals, laptop or computer time, and so on. Now that the desired behaviors are identified, as are the main reinforcers, you will need to set a worth for every of them. That is, mifare standard when a desired behavior occurs how several tokens is it going to be worth. Also, when your child wants to exchange the tokens they have earned for a major reinforcer, there will want to be a predetermined value placed on the major reinforcer. For instance, if your youngster goes the complete day with no fighting with their brother they could earn one particular or two tokens. As a major reinforcer you could have playing at a buddies residence. It could price them thee tokens. The trick is striking the proper balance in between what they are earning every single day and what they will typically expend on primary reinforcers. If tokens come to very easily then the major reinforcers lose their worth. Whilst if main reinforcers are priced also high or tokens are as well tough to earn then your kid may possibly give up.
Now that you have they technique in location you are ready to implement it. Very first, determine three or 4 behaviors you want to reinforce. Then list them and make a decision how many tokens every behavior is going to be worth. You might want to put this list on the fridge or some location where it can be effortlessly observed. Next you will identify what will be utilised as main reinforcers and decide how several tokens every will price. This list must be placed some spot very easily observed as well.
When you catch your children engaging in the behaviors you have identified, reinforce the behavior by providing the predetermined number of tokens. It is critical to couple the dispersing of tokens with a behavioral description of what you saw and verbal praise. Ultimately, you will want to move on to other behaviors that you want to reinforce and will rely solely on verbal praise to preserve previously established behaviors. The reinforcement schedule must transition from a continuous schedule of reinforcement (1 behavior : 1 token) to a variable ration schedule of reinforcement (three-5 behavior : 1 token). Last you will fade out tokens fully making use of only praise to keep the behavior. You will then concentrate on other behaviors and repeat the very same pattern.
Your young children will want to be responsible to maintain track of and manage the tokens they earn. There will come a time when they mifare readers will want to buy a major reinforcers. They must always spend for them before being allowed to engage in or mifare partake of major reinforcers otherwise the system loses its credibility. If they run out of or lose their tokens they merely can not purchase a major reinforcer until they have earned enough.
What does this kind of a reinforcement program do for your children? It takes away the sense of entitlement a lot of kids have nowadays. Rather of expecting privileges or activities for absolutely nothing on their element, they now have to earn them by the acquisition of tokens by means of their excellent behavior. A token economy can assist a youngster be far more responsible and teach them how to manage their resources. One thing else that it does is teaches children to delay gratification where the world teaches them to anticipate and desire instant gratification. Lastly, the token economic climate can be used to extinguish misbehaviors and establish positive behaviors.
A token economic climate will demand some effort on the part of the parent but the rewards far outweigh the little amount of time a parent has to invest in the program every single day.
